The frontier of competitiveness is no longer geographical: it is the speed at which knowledge moves from the laboratory to the market. In 2024, the numbers told a clear story. The United States maintained its R&D intensity above 3% of GDP and closed 2022 with US$892 billion in R&D spending; estimates for 2023 raised that figure to US$940 billion, with the private sector driving 78% of the investment and universities contributing 11% of the total effort. It is a forceful remin
